jun 2010
Another find of Lissachatina
30-06-2010 18:52
Today a new record
of
Lissachatina fulica was reported by Herman Cremers, a
colleague, who spotted this species during his
holidays in Ecuador.
The snail was found In Prov. Napo, Tena, Lodge “Casa del Suizo” along the Napo river. As it was found in the newly decorated garden, it may have been transported with horticultural material. But other sources cannot be excluded a priori.
As far as I know, this is the first record of this species on the eastern side of the Andes in Ecuador.
The snail was found In Prov. Napo, Tena, Lodge “Casa del Suizo” along the Napo river. As it was found in the newly decorated garden, it may have been transported with horticultural material. But other sources cannot be excluded a priori.
As far as I know, this is the first record of this species on the eastern side of the Andes in Ecuador.
Florida Bulimulus again
29-06-2010 19:01
A few days ago,
the mysterious
Bulimulus
species
from Jacksonville
was found northeast of the city. The localities
are 27.8 kms apart, as the crow flies. As I doubt
if any crow (or whatever Floridan bird) may have
carried the eggs of this species, it remains
mysterious how this population got there. Was is
transported by trucks visiting the Duval Container
Co. station? Has it been there for more years,
unnoticed to local snail hunters?
Questions abound, answers yet to come.
Bulimulus sp. aff. guadalupensis (Bruguière, 1789)
cf. West Indian Bulimulus
[same taxon as Duval Container Co. station]
USA: Florida: Nassau Co.
US 301, 0.1 mi N Seaboard Coast Line RR.
Just W roadside, grassy shoulder, Fifteensnails actively crawling on larger weeds.
30º30.622'N 081º52.596'W.
H.G. Lee and E.W. Cavin! 26 June, 2010.
Thanks to Harry Lee for collecting and to Bill Frank for reporting.
Questions abound, answers yet to come.
Bulimulus sp. aff. guadalupensis (Bruguière, 1789)
cf. West Indian Bulimulus
[same taxon as Duval Container Co. station]
USA: Florida: Nassau Co.
US 301, 0.1 mi N Seaboard Coast Line RR.
Just W roadside, grassy shoulder, Fifteensnails actively crawling on larger weeds.
30º30.622'N 081º52.596'W.
H.G. Lee and E.W. Cavin! 26 June, 2010.
Thanks to Harry Lee for collecting and to Bill Frank for reporting.
Bostryx from Chile
28-06-2010 13:29
Dulack Richards sent me
some shells for identification, mostly from Peru. One
lot was included from Chile that proved to be very a
interesting Bostryx
species. Firstly, many
Chilean Bostryx
species are poorly
known (see also here)
and every accurate record is greatly welcomed.
Secondly, one shell was somewhat damaged and nicely
showed some internal detail.
These shells are probably B. holostoma (Pfeiffer, 1846), described from Cobija. The specimens collected by Richards were found north of Caldera, under rocks near the sea. Although not explicitly stated on the label, this sounds like a locality with lomas vegetation.
Rehder (1945) already stated that this species “has a short but strong columellar lamella within the last whorl”. The shell pictured above shows the same characteristic.
Reference:
Rehder, H.A., 1945. The Chilean species of the molluscan genus Peronaeus (Bulimulidae) - Revista Chilena de Historia Natural 48: 102-107.
Update
Meanwhile I ascertained that these specimens are B. leucostictus (Philippi, 1856), a closely related species described from Paposo.
These shells are probably B. holostoma (Pfeiffer, 1846), described from Cobija. The specimens collected by Richards were found north of Caldera, under rocks near the sea. Although not explicitly stated on the label, this sounds like a locality with lomas vegetation.
Rehder (1945) already stated that this species “has a short but strong columellar lamella within the last whorl”. The shell pictured above shows the same characteristic.
Reference:
Rehder, H.A., 1945. The Chilean species of the molluscan genus Peronaeus (Bulimulidae) - Revista Chilena de Historia Natural 48: 102-107.
Update
Meanwhile I ascertained that these specimens are B. leucostictus (Philippi, 1856), a closely related species described from Paposo.
Paraguayan biodiversity
24-06-2010 13:39
Paraguay as a country
is relatively unknown. At least as far as molluscs
concern; the only comprehensive paper is Quintana
(1982).
Ulf Drechsel kindly pointed me to the website on biodiversity of Paraguay, which is a welcome source of information. There is useful data on Paraguay in general, bibliographic data and species lists.
The species data cover the whole range, from plants to (in)vertebrates. The Mollusca page is divided into two sections, Bivalvia and Gastropoda. On the latter, several interesting pictures appear of live snails photographed in the field. Earlier I posted about the new record for Lissachatina fulica that is mentioned on the site.
Here is Drymaeus interpunctus (Martens, 1887). I posted earlier another picture of this snail, but this one is from a different angle and provides more detail. All photographs on the site can be enlarged, which is very useful.
Hopefully this site will grow as a useful information source, e.g. for conservation purposes.
Reference:
Quintana, M. G. (1982). Catalogo preliminar de la malacofauna del Paraguay. -Revista de Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales, n.s, Zoología 11: 61-158.
Ulf Drechsel kindly pointed me to the website on biodiversity of Paraguay, which is a welcome source of information. There is useful data on Paraguay in general, bibliographic data and species lists.
The species data cover the whole range, from plants to (in)vertebrates. The Mollusca page is divided into two sections, Bivalvia and Gastropoda. On the latter, several interesting pictures appear of live snails photographed in the field. Earlier I posted about the new record for Lissachatina fulica that is mentioned on the site.
Here is Drymaeus interpunctus (Martens, 1887). I posted earlier another picture of this snail, but this one is from a different angle and provides more detail. All photographs on the site can be enlarged, which is very useful.
Hopefully this site will grow as a useful information source, e.g. for conservation purposes.
Reference:
Quintana, M. G. (1982). Catalogo preliminar de la malacofauna del Paraguay. -Revista de Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales, n.s, Zoología 11: 61-158.
Photo of the day (102): Neopetraeus
23-06-2010 20:27
A genus hitherto not
represented in this series: Neopetraeus
Martens, 1885. This
Peruvian group has a distinct protoconch and is
restricted to the northern part of the country in
Andean regions at elevations from 800 to more than
3000 m.
The species pictured here is N. tessellatus (Shuttleworth, 1852). The specimens were collected by Valentín Mogollón in the Huaráz region.
The species pictured here is N. tessellatus (Shuttleworth, 1852). The specimens were collected by Valentín Mogollón in the Huaráz region.
Orthalicid radulae (8): Plekocheilus
22-06-2010 14:15
To continue
this
series,
this time a species from Colombia, Cundinamarca,
near Mosquera (RMNH): Plekocheilus (Aeropictus)
delicatus (Pilsbry, 1935). The radula
formula is C + L/1 + M/70.
Shown clockwise, from upper left: overview of part of radula, central part, marginals 5-9 resp. 48-63.
Shown clockwise, from upper left: overview of part of radula, central part, marginals 5-9 resp. 48-63.
Colombian páramos
21-06-2010 19:49
Even at high altitudes
you may be able to find interesting snail habitats.
In the Andes they range from the puno in Bolivia and
Peru to the páramo in Ecuador and Colombia.
I like those high altitude habitats, as they offer both plenty of natural conditions (relatively unspoiled by human kind) and interesting ecological niches for snails. In Colombia there are niches in (sub)páramo areas for e.g. Stenostylus and Plekocheilus.
Although there is now a huge amount of scientific literature on páramos - thanks to the work of Thomas van der Hammen, Antoine Cleef, Henry Hooghiemstra and many Colombian co-workers - the more easy-accessible literature is sparse. Last week my attention was drawn to a very good summarizing publication on Colombian páramos. It has also very good maps of the different páramo areas, like e.g. here the map of the Tatamá Natural Park at the border of Chocó, Valle del Cauca and Riseralda.
Thanks Francisco for sharing this useful source of information.
I like those high altitude habitats, as they offer both plenty of natural conditions (relatively unspoiled by human kind) and interesting ecological niches for snails. In Colombia there are niches in (sub)páramo areas for e.g. Stenostylus and Plekocheilus.
Although there is now a huge amount of scientific literature on páramos - thanks to the work of Thomas van der Hammen, Antoine Cleef, Henry Hooghiemstra and many Colombian co-workers - the more easy-accessible literature is sparse. Last week my attention was drawn to a very good summarizing publication on Colombian páramos. It has also very good maps of the different páramo areas, like e.g. here the map of the Tatamá Natural Park at the border of Chocó, Valle del Cauca and Riseralda.
Thanks Francisco for sharing this useful source of information.
Photo of the day (101): Tudora
18-06-2010 10:37
Continuing this series
with more West Indian species and pictures by Gerard
van Buurt. This time species belonging to
Annulariidae.
These pictures were taken on Bonaire, at plantation Sta. Barbara, and show Tudora aurantia (Wood, 1828) on a coconut palm.
On Curaçao another Tudora species occurs, T. megacheilos (Potiez & Michaud, 1838). The pictures were taken in a garden in Willemstad.
Thanks Gerard!
These pictures were taken on Bonaire, at plantation Sta. Barbara, and show Tudora aurantia (Wood, 1828) on a coconut palm.
On Curaçao another Tudora species occurs, T. megacheilos (Potiez & Michaud, 1838). The pictures were taken in a garden in Willemstad.
Thanks Gerard!
Minute landsnail from Argentinan Pampas
17-06-2010 07:51
In the continuous
stream of taxonomic revisions and descriptions of new
species, e.g. in Zootaxa, it is noteworthy that this
journal has introduced a ‘Correspondence’ section
besides the more lengthy ‘Article’. In a recent
number, there was such a correspondence about the
rediscovery of a tiny charopid, Zilchogyra franzi
Weyrauch, 1965, from
the Sierra de la Ventana in eastern Argentina (Delhey
et al., 2010).
Zilchogyra franzi was described from a single specimen, collected amoung ferns in “a humid hollow lined with dark soil” in the Sierra de la Ventana. Three biologists from the University in Bahia Blanca tried to hunt this species for several years. And although they were successful in obtaining both living specimens and a number of shells, it is clear from their limited findings that this is a relatively rare species which occurs in low numbers.
The authors provide a redescription and give additional features based on SEM research.
As micromolluscs usually get much less attention, this paper is a welcome contribution to our knowledge on Neotropical land snails.
Reference:
Delhey, V.K., Pizá, J. & Burela, S., 2010. Zilchogyra franzi Weyrauch, 1965 (Gastropoda: Charopidae), a minute landshells rediscovered in Sierra de la Ventana (Southern Pampas, Argentina). - Zootaxa 2450: 61-64.
Zilchogyra franzi was described from a single specimen, collected amoung ferns in “a humid hollow lined with dark soil” in the Sierra de la Ventana. Three biologists from the University in Bahia Blanca tried to hunt this species for several years. And although they were successful in obtaining both living specimens and a number of shells, it is clear from their limited findings that this is a relatively rare species which occurs in low numbers.
The authors provide a redescription and give additional features based on SEM research.
As micromolluscs usually get much less attention, this paper is a welcome contribution to our knowledge on Neotropical land snails.
Reference:
Delhey, V.K., Pizá, J. & Burela, S., 2010. Zilchogyra franzi Weyrauch, 1965 (Gastropoda: Charopidae), a minute landshells rediscovered in Sierra de la Ventana (Southern Pampas, Argentina). - Zootaxa 2450: 61-64.
Photo of the day (100): Drymaeus
16-06-2010 21:40
This blogpost, the
100th in the series on living snails and snails in
their natural habitat, I like to devote to
another well-known
West Indian species. This time of the genus
Drymaeus.
These pictures were also kindly provided by Gerard van Buurt, whom I like to thank again for his generosity to share them. They were taken on Curaçao, Plantage Santa Cruz and show different colour variations. The animals are hibernating on Crateva tapia (Capparaceae), which seem to be very attractive for these snails (Van Buurt, pers. comm.).
Two issues may need to be clarified related to this species.
The first one is a nomenclatural issue. This species may be found under different names in collections, viz. D. virgulatus (Férussac, 1821) and D. elongatus (Röding, 1798). According to Richardson (1995) the correct name should be D. radiatus (Bruguière, 1789), as both Röding and Bruguière based their name on the same Pl. 134 fig. 1225a of Chemnitz (Martini & Chemnitz, 1786). However, from Bruguière’s text (Bruguière, 1789: 312) it clearly follows that his Bulimus radiatus is an European shell from “la province du Dauphiné aux environs de Montbrun, de Gap & de Montelimar”. Therefore I consider Röding’s name as the first available one for this West Indian taxon.
The second issue is the possible sympatry on Curaçao of D. elongatus and D. multilineatus (Say, 1825). According to Pilsbry (1899: 29) the specimens attributed to D. multilineatus on Curaçao “often lack the subsutural and umbilical markings, and show traces of a peripheral band, but occasionally lack all spiral bands; the apex generally white”. The resemblance with D. elongatus thus becomes very strong, despite Pilsbry’s assurance that “they are readily distinguisable from D. elongatus” (without stating the differences). Some years ago, Marcus Coltro sent me a picture of Curaçao Drymaeus specimens that I identified as D. multilineatus. However, at this moment I’m not totally assured that both species live on the island. Further research should clarify this issue.
References:
Bruguière, J.G., 1789-1792. Encyclopédie méthodique. Histoire naturelle des Vers, vol. 1: i-xviii, 1-344 [1789], 345-757 [1792]. Panckoucke, Paris.
Martini, F.H.W. & Chemnitz, J.H., 1786. Neues systematisches Conchylien-Cabinet, geordnet von Friedrich Heinrich Wilhelm Martini und unter dessen Aufsicht nach den Natur gezeichnet und mit lebendigen Farben erleuchtet, 9. Linksschnecken: 1-194. Raspe, Nürnberg.
Pilsbry, H.A., 1899. American Bulimulidae: North American and Antillean Drymaeus, Leiostracus, Orthalicinae and Amphibuliminae. - Manual of Conchology (2) 12: 1-258.
These pictures were also kindly provided by Gerard van Buurt, whom I like to thank again for his generosity to share them. They were taken on Curaçao, Plantage Santa Cruz and show different colour variations. The animals are hibernating on Crateva tapia (Capparaceae), which seem to be very attractive for these snails (Van Buurt, pers. comm.).
Two issues may need to be clarified related to this species.
The first one is a nomenclatural issue. This species may be found under different names in collections, viz. D. virgulatus (Férussac, 1821) and D. elongatus (Röding, 1798). According to Richardson (1995) the correct name should be D. radiatus (Bruguière, 1789), as both Röding and Bruguière based their name on the same Pl. 134 fig. 1225a of Chemnitz (Martini & Chemnitz, 1786). However, from Bruguière’s text (Bruguière, 1789: 312) it clearly follows that his Bulimus radiatus is an European shell from “la province du Dauphiné aux environs de Montbrun, de Gap & de Montelimar”. Therefore I consider Röding’s name as the first available one for this West Indian taxon.
The second issue is the possible sympatry on Curaçao of D. elongatus and D. multilineatus (Say, 1825). According to Pilsbry (1899: 29) the specimens attributed to D. multilineatus on Curaçao “often lack the subsutural and umbilical markings, and show traces of a peripheral band, but occasionally lack all spiral bands; the apex generally white”. The resemblance with D. elongatus thus becomes very strong, despite Pilsbry’s assurance that “they are readily distinguisable from D. elongatus” (without stating the differences). Some years ago, Marcus Coltro sent me a picture of Curaçao Drymaeus specimens that I identified as D. multilineatus. However, at this moment I’m not totally assured that both species live on the island. Further research should clarify this issue.
References:
Bruguière, J.G., 1789-1792. Encyclopédie méthodique. Histoire naturelle des Vers, vol. 1: i-xviii, 1-344 [1789], 345-757 [1792]. Panckoucke, Paris.
Martini, F.H.W. & Chemnitz, J.H., 1786. Neues systematisches Conchylien-Cabinet, geordnet von Friedrich Heinrich Wilhelm Martini und unter dessen Aufsicht nach den Natur gezeichnet und mit lebendigen Farben erleuchtet, 9. Linksschnecken: 1-194. Raspe, Nürnberg.
Pilsbry, H.A., 1899. American Bulimulidae: North American and Antillean Drymaeus, Leiostracus, Orthalicinae and Amphibuliminae. - Manual of Conchology (2) 12: 1-258.
Genetic research on Peruvian land snails
15-06-2010 19:32
Today, Pedro Romero
gave a talk at NCB Naturalis about the research his
did during the past years in Peru. The title
“Contrasting
patterns in the genetic diversity and population
structure of land snails from Peru”. It is about phylogeography
of Bostryx
scalariformis (Broderip, 1832) and
Systhrophia
helicycloides (d’Orbigny, 1835).
The abstract of his presentation was:
The abstract of his presentation was:
Land snails are important organisms
to understand biogeographical changes in different
regions. Their low dispersion ability produces a
particular population structure that resembles
historical patterns of genetic diversity. I compared
genetic patterns in two different species:
Bostryx
scalariformis (Orthalicidae) from the coast of
Peru and Systrophia
helicycloides (Scolodontidae) from the western
Amazonian basin. Both species presented a high
mutation rate in their mitochondrial genome and also
a high intraspecific divergence.
B.
scalariformis shows two different lineages which
correspond to its different morphotypes. El Niño
Southern Oscillation ant the coastal desert could
have played a key role in the modeling of the genetic
structure in this land snail. On the other
hand, S.
helicycloides shows lineages with widely
distributed and also restricted haplotypes. The
actual genetic structure in S. helicycloides
seems to be influenced
by historical geoclimatic changes, like the rise of
the Andes or Pleistocene refuges that both may have
produced lineage differentiation. In this case,
actual river dynamics could be influential on the
distribution of the genetic diversity.
According to Romero, the
populations of Bostryx
are influenced by the
El Nino cycles and their influence on the expanding
and contracting ‘lomas’ vegetation islands in the
coastal desert. On the contrary, the
Systrophia
populations seem to
have been mixed under the influence of the river
dynamics in the Madre de Dios region.
Puzzling with shells and geography
14-06-2010 13:45
For a paper in
preparation about Colombian species, Francisco
Borrero and I have been puzzling with some
localities. Earlier, I posted on this topic
here.
This time the hunt was for the type locality
of Plekocheilus
taquinensis (Pfeiffer, 1855), a place called
Taquina which is not in the gazetteers we consulted.
All we knew was that Taquina is located somewhere in the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, at around 2700 m. We also knew that the British conchologist Tom Pain collected the species “in the vicinity of the type locality” in 1939 (Crowley & Pain, 1958).
The solution came when we found two sources with the help of other disciplines. The first was Todd & Carriker’s 1922 paper on birds of the area; they have a map which shows several Indian villages in the north-eastern part of the Sierra. This was confirmed by a geographical study by Simmons (1981).
Another puzzling species was Plekocheilus couturesi (Ancey, 1900), described from Bolivia. The type has recently been figured by Wood & Gallichan (2008). Since the shell was unlike the few Bolivian Plekocheilus species, but more resembled some forms from Colombia, I decided to ask for additional pictures to the National Museum of Wales. When I received these photographs, it appeared that the sculpture of the shells was peculiar and similar to that on shells we have from the Tatamá National Park in the Riseralda/Chocó area. Which led us to believe that this taxon was actually a Colombian and not a Bolivian species.
We first tried to trace the source of the shell, collected by G. Coutures. However, we couldn’t find any data on this person and his itinerary in South America. Puzzling...
The story became more complicated, when we received pictures of the type material of P. taquinensis, showing that this species has a similar sculpture. Now we had two different sources for the type locality of couturesi, the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta in the northern part and the Cordillera Occidental in the western part of Colombia. Very puzzling... However, the shell shape of couturesi is slightly dissimilar to the shells of these two localities, which are both at high altitudes (2700-3600 m).
It then occurred to Francisco that “Bolivia” might not refer to a country, but to a locality of the same name. Could we find such a locality at an appropriate elevation? To my surprise, the GNS gazetteer gave 10 places named Bolivia in various departments of Colombia. Then it was only a matter of scoring out, to be left with a single locality that seems the most likely candidate. It is in the western part of Tolima on the border with Valle del Cauca.
Puzzling with shells and geography, this time with a happy ending...
References:
Crowley, T.E. & Pain, T., 1958. On an unfigured species of Plekocheilus (Eurytus). - Journal of Conchology 24: 234-235.
Simmons, F.A.A., 1981. On the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta and its watershed. - Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society 12: 717-718.
Todd, W.E.C. & Carriker, M.A. jr, 1922. The birds of the Santa Marta region of Colombia: A study in altitudinal distribution. - Annals of the Carnegie Museum 14: 3-583.
Wood, H. & Gallichan, J., 2008. The new molluscan names of César-Marie-Felix Ancey, including illustrated type material from the National Museum of Wales. Studies in Biodiversity and Systematics of Terrestrial Organisms from the National Museum of Wales. Biotir Reports 3: i-vi, 1-162.
All we knew was that Taquina is located somewhere in the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, at around 2700 m. We also knew that the British conchologist Tom Pain collected the species “in the vicinity of the type locality” in 1939 (Crowley & Pain, 1958).
The solution came when we found two sources with the help of other disciplines. The first was Todd & Carriker’s 1922 paper on birds of the area; they have a map which shows several Indian villages in the north-eastern part of the Sierra. This was confirmed by a geographical study by Simmons (1981).
Another puzzling species was Plekocheilus couturesi (Ancey, 1900), described from Bolivia. The type has recently been figured by Wood & Gallichan (2008). Since the shell was unlike the few Bolivian Plekocheilus species, but more resembled some forms from Colombia, I decided to ask for additional pictures to the National Museum of Wales. When I received these photographs, it appeared that the sculpture of the shells was peculiar and similar to that on shells we have from the Tatamá National Park in the Riseralda/Chocó area. Which led us to believe that this taxon was actually a Colombian and not a Bolivian species.
We first tried to trace the source of the shell, collected by G. Coutures. However, we couldn’t find any data on this person and his itinerary in South America. Puzzling...
The story became more complicated, when we received pictures of the type material of P. taquinensis, showing that this species has a similar sculpture. Now we had two different sources for the type locality of couturesi, the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta in the northern part and the Cordillera Occidental in the western part of Colombia. Very puzzling... However, the shell shape of couturesi is slightly dissimilar to the shells of these two localities, which are both at high altitudes (2700-3600 m).
It then occurred to Francisco that “Bolivia” might not refer to a country, but to a locality of the same name. Could we find such a locality at an appropriate elevation? To my surprise, the GNS gazetteer gave 10 places named Bolivia in various departments of Colombia. Then it was only a matter of scoring out, to be left with a single locality that seems the most likely candidate. It is in the western part of Tolima on the border with Valle del Cauca.
Puzzling with shells and geography, this time with a happy ending...
References:
Crowley, T.E. & Pain, T., 1958. On an unfigured species of Plekocheilus (Eurytus). - Journal of Conchology 24: 234-235.
Simmons, F.A.A., 1981. On the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta and its watershed. - Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society 12: 717-718.
Todd, W.E.C. & Carriker, M.A. jr, 1922. The birds of the Santa Marta region of Colombia: A study in altitudinal distribution. - Annals of the Carnegie Museum 14: 3-583.
Wood, H. & Gallichan, J., 2008. The new molluscan names of César-Marie-Felix Ancey, including illustrated type material from the National Museum of Wales. Studies in Biodiversity and Systematics of Terrestrial Organisms from the National Museum of Wales. Biotir Reports 3: i-vi, 1-162.
Photo of the day (99): Cerion
10-06-2010 21:11
A well-known West
Indian species, Cerion uva
(Linné, 1758), was
hitherto not represented in this series. Thanks to
Gerard van Buurt I’m able to show you a specimen
which was photographed on Curaçao, Boca St. Michiel.
Photo of the day (98): Plekocheilus
09-06-2010 10:54
Last week Adrián
González also sent these pictures. They show a
species which I tentatively identify as
Plekocheilus
(Aeropictus) tenuissimus Weyrauch, 1967. The specimen was
collected near El Laurel.
New records for Lissachatina in South America
08-06-2010 08:05
Since my last
post on a
new record for Lissachatina fulica
in South America, less
than two months have passed. This time, two new
records have to be mentioned, which may not be
totally unrelated but at least involve two new
countries. They have to be added on the list of
affected ones that unfortunately grows and grows...
The first record is Paraguay, Dept. Misiones, Ayolas, where the species was spotted by Ulf Drechsel in March 2010. This finding is documented on the PyBio website. More on this website in a following post.
This record comes several months after Gabriela Cuezzo found the same species in Argentina, Prov. Misiones, Porto Iguazú (Cuezzo, pers. commun.; in press). This is ca. 300 km NE of Ayolas, but along the same Río Paraná. It is not more than a wild guess, but this river might have acted as a route of dispersal in this case.
The first record is Paraguay, Dept. Misiones, Ayolas, where the species was spotted by Ulf Drechsel in March 2010. This finding is documented on the PyBio website. More on this website in a following post.
This record comes several months after Gabriela Cuezzo found the same species in Argentina, Prov. Misiones, Porto Iguazú (Cuezzo, pers. commun.; in press). This is ca. 300 km NE of Ayolas, but along the same Río Paraná. It is not more than a wild guess, but this river might have acted as a route of dispersal in this case.
Photo of the day (97): Bostryx
07-06-2010 14:04
These pictures were
taken by Adrián González in Ecuador, prov. Manabí,
between Salango and Manglaralto. They show
Bostryx
bilineatus (Sowerby, 1833).
Back and food for thought
06-06-2010 21:50
I’m back and in the
emails @work I found one that - although it is
seemingly off topic - I’m sure will give many of you
some food for thought.
Thanks Don, for sending it around.
It is all about bureaucracy and aren’t we all confronted with that to some extend? I’m just thinking of collecting permits or shipping of snails. To become on topic again...
There is nothing we can do about it. Or is it? Not wanting to be over-pessimistic, but just forwarding some thoughts from an unexpected angle... Read the paper via the link below and let me hear your comments.
Reference:
Charlton, B.G., 2010. The cancer of bureaucracy. How it will destroy science, medicine, education, and eventually everything else. - Medical Hypotheses 74: [1-5].
Thanks Don, for sending it around.
It is all about bureaucracy and aren’t we all confronted with that to some extend? I’m just thinking of collecting permits or shipping of snails. To become on topic again...
There is nothing we can do about it. Or is it? Not wanting to be over-pessimistic, but just forwarding some thoughts from an unexpected angle... Read the paper via the link below and let me hear your comments.
Reference:
Charlton, B.G., 2010. The cancer of bureaucracy. How it will destroy science, medicine, education, and eventually everything else. - Medical Hypotheses 74: [1-5].